Dental Treatments – Oral, Teeth and Jaw Care

Dental implants are titanium screws placed into the jawbone to maintain chewing function in cases where teeth are lost for various reasons. Implant surgery should be performed by experienced physicians after evaluating the patient's existing bone amount with 3D tomography and selecting the appropriate diameter and length implant. The methods of applying dental implants can vary depending on the characteristics of the area to be treated. In addition to cases where the implant is placed simultaneously with tooth extraction, bone healing can also be awaited after tooth extraction. After implants are placed, they are expected to fuse with the bone for about 3 months. This is called osseointegration. Following this period, the missing tooth is restored with a porcelain restoration placed on the implant. The osseointegration of the implant with the bone can be affected by many factors. The patient's systemic diseases (diabetes, medication use due to bone loss, cancer history, etc.) and environmental factors (smoking, teeth grinding) can negatively affect the success of the implant.

All On Four treatment is a treatment option where functional and aesthetic results are achieved by making hybrid prostheses on a total of 4 implants, 2 placed parallel and 2 placed obliquely, in completely edentulous patients or patients who have lost both their teeth and the supporting bone to a large extent due to various periodontal reasons. In this procedure, dental implants can be placed in the same session as tooth extractions. Temporary prostheses can be made to the patient on the same day or within 1-2 days, and permanent prostheses can be made after the implants have completed osseointegration. The most important advantages of the All On Four system are that the patient's edentulous period is minimized, and maxillary sinus surgery in the upper jaw and avoiding the mandibular nerve canal in the lower jaw are achieved thanks to the obliquely placed implants.

Impacted wisdom tooth operations involve the extraction of third molar teeth that have not fully erupted, are partially impacted, or fully impacted, performed by an oral surgeon. After numbing the area with local anesthesia, the gums and bone in the relevant area are intervened, and the tooth is extracted. Unlike normal tooth extraction, it is a stitched procedure and can cause minimal swelling and pain. The positions of impacted teeth can vary from person to person. For accurate treatment and planning, 3D imaging (tomography) methods may be needed in some cases. Especially in the lower jaw, it is common for fully impacted wisdom teeth to be in close proximity to the mandibular nerve canal. Proper pre-extraction evaluation should be done, and the risks associated with the surgical procedure should be considered.

This procedure is also known as sinus lifting or sinus augmentation. Anatomically, there are air spaces known as maxillary sinuses on either side of the nose, and these spaces, along with other sinuses in the skull, maintain the balance of the skull. The roots of the teeth in the posterior regions of the upper jaw are in close proximity to the maxillary sinuses. The early loss of these teeth and their long-term absence causes the base of the maxillary sinus space to descend, making it difficult to treat the missing teeth with dental implants. In such cases, sinus surgery is applied to raise the sinus floor by adding bone graft. In cases where the vertical dimension of the existing bone is moderate, dental implants can be placed simultaneously with sinus surgery. However, in severely descended sinuses, a waiting period of 6-9 months may be necessary following sinus surgery for the placement of dental implants.

Apical resection is a procedure that surgically cleans the infection or inflammation at the root tip (apical region) of a tooth. It is typically used for infections that cannot be resolved with root canal treatment or that recur. During the procedure, the dentist or endodontist (root canal treatment specialist) removes the infected tissue at the root tip and the surrounding bone tissue. Sometimes a small filling material is placed at the root tip to seal the canal. This procedure helps preserve the tooth and maintain its function. Apical resection is usually performed under local anesthesia and is an effective method for resolving issues at the root tip of a tooth.

Food residues that accumulate on the tooth surface, when not regularly brushed, harden under the influence of microorganisms living in the mouth, turning into bacterial plaque and tartar. Once tartar forms, it cannot be removed by brushing. Tartar cleaning is a periodontal treatment that removes hardened food residues from the tooth surface using ultrasonic devices. Prolonged presence of tartar can lead to gum bleeding, gum inflammation, and bone loss supporting the teeth. Therefore, in addition to brushing twice a day, routine tartar cleaning every six months is necessary for everyone.

Tartar that accumulates on the tooth surface due to lack of oral hygiene causes gum inflammation due to the many microorganisms it contains and the enzymes and toxins they secrete. The first sign of gum inflammation is gum bleeding. To treat it, the factors causing the inflammation must be removed. The first step in periodontal treatments is tartar cleaning. In advanced cases, cleaning of the tissues under the gum may also be required. In such cases, a deep cleaning procedure called subgingival curettage should be performed. In this procedure, which means 'scraping', local anesthesia is applied to numb the affected area, and infected tissues under the gum are scraped and removed using special instruments called curettes.

Untreated gum inflammation that reaches the bone tissue supporting the teeth results in bone loss. Depending on the shape and severity of the bone loss, teeth may become loose and tooth loss may occur. The treatment of gum inflammation affecting the bone usually requires surgical intervention. Gum surgeries are advanced periodontal treatments performed under local anesthesia by numbing the affected area. Depending on the position of the tooth in the mouth and the pattern of bone loss, new bone formation can sometimes be achieved using biomaterials such as bone grafts, membranes, and enamel matrix proteins.

Gum recession is a condition where the gum margin that surrounds the neck of the tooth moves towards the root, exposing the root surface. Gum recession does not develop due to a single cause. However, incorrect and hard brushing, crowding, the thinness of the existing gum tissue for anatomical reasons, and bone loss due to gum inflammation are among the causes of gum recession. Depending on the position of the tooth in the mouth and the health of the supporting bone, gum recession can be treated with periodontal surgeries.

Tooth sensitivity is a condition of pain and discomfort that occurs when teeth come into contact with cold, hot, sweet, or sour foods and drinks. This condition arises when the enamel layer covering the tooth's outer surface wears away or when gum recession exposes the tooth's more sensitive layer called dentin. Tooth sensitivity can have many causes, and treatments can vary depending on the cause. If tooth integrity is not compromised and sensitivity is due solely to gum recession, regular massaging of the affected teeth with desensitizing toothpaste can significantly reduce sensitivity. Other treatment options include laser sensitivity therapy and gum surgeries for gum recession. In cases where tooth integrity is compromised due to incorrect brushing or teeth grinding, resulting in tooth wear, common treatments include restorations with filling materials, root canal therapy, or covering the tooth with ceramic restorations.

Laser-assisted gum aesthetics is a dental treatment method that uses laser technology to improve the shape and appearance of the gums. This procedure is commonly used in cases where the gum line is asymmetrical, gum overgrowths are observed due to various reasons, or the gums appear excessively during smiling (also known as gummy smile). Compared to traditional surgical methods, laser-assisted gum aesthetics is less painful and has a faster healing time. Besides improving the aesthetic appearance, laser-assisted gum aesthetics is also important for maintaining gum health and preventing potential gum diseases. However, this treatment method may not be suitable for everyone, so a detailed dental examination and evaluation are necessary before the procedure.

Lip repositioning treatment is a surgical procedure aimed at reducing excessive gum display (gummy smile). This procedure is particularly suitable for individuals who are bothered by the excessive visibility of their gums when they smile. The treatment works by altering the position of the upper lip, making the gums less visible during smiling. Lip repositioning treatment is an aesthetic procedure focusing on improving the patient's appearance and confidence. However, like all surgical procedures, this treatment has risks and side effects, so it is important to have a detailed evaluation and consultation with a surgeon before making a decision.

'Pink aesthetics' procedures refer to dental treatments aimed at improving the health and appearance of the gums. This term encompasses procedures designed to enhance the aesthetic appearance of the gums (pink tissues). Pink aesthetics procedures include treatments for gum recession, reshaping the gum level, and removing gum discoloration. Each pink aesthetics procedure is customized according to the individual's oral health condition and aesthetic expectations. While planning the treatment, the overall health and functionality of the teeth are also considered. These aesthetic interventions are performed by periodontologists (gum disease specialists). As always, a detailed evaluation and professional consultation are necessary before deciding on such an aesthetic procedure.

Crown lengthening operations are a treatment method performed to increase the size of the visible part of the teeth, known as the crown. These operations are usually carried out by removing excessive gum tissue or sometimes the underlying bone tissue that causes the teeth to appear very short. Crown lengthening can be done for both aesthetic and functional reasons. It is especially common in cases of broken teeth where the fracture line extends below the gum line, to prevent tooth extraction and allow for restoration.

Root canal treatment is a procedure in which the damaged or infected pulp tissue (the part containing the tooth's nerves and blood vessels) is removed, and then the tooth is cleaned and filled. This treatment is typically applied when the pulp is damaged due to decay, trauma, crack, or breakage. It is a painless procedure performed under local anesthesia. This treatment prevents the extraction of the damaged tooth, allowing it to remain in the mouth and retain its chewing function. Additionally, it relieves pain and prevents the spread of infection. Although root canal treatment cannot completely preserve the tooth's natural structure, it is a better alternative to tooth loss and is a commonly used method in modern dentistry.

Root canal retreatment is a procedure necessary due to recurring infection or other problems in a tooth that has previously undergone root canal treatment. The main reasons for requiring root canal retreatment are:

• Reinfection: If the filling material deteriorates over time or the tooth's seal is not strong enough, bacteria can re-enter the tooth and trigger an infection.
• Untreated Canals: Some teeth may have unexpected canal structures. If all canals were not completely cleaned or missed during the initial treatment, remaining bacteria can cause issues.
• Tooth Fracture or Crack: Teeth that have undergone root canal treatment can be more fragile. A tooth fracture or crack can compromise the protective outer layer, allowing bacteria to enter.
• New Cavities: New cavities in a tooth that has undergone root canal treatment can damage protected areas and increase the risk of infection.

When properly performed, root canal retreatment is an effective method to save the tooth and maintain its functionality. However, as each situation is different, it is important to consult with a dentist for a specific treatment plan.

A periapical lesion is a pathological change that occurs at the tip of a tooth's root, known as the periapical region. It typically develops as a result of an infection in the tooth's pulp tissue (nerve and blood vessel tissue), and this infection can lead to inflammation or cyst formation in the bone tissue at the root tip. Root canal treatment in teeth with periapical lesions is a fundamental method for treating this infection and inflammation and saving the tooth.

Root canal treatment in teeth with periapical lesions is an effective treatment to preserve the tooth's presence in the mouth and prevent more serious complications. However, each case is different, and it is important to consult with a dentist before deciding on treatment. The dentist will determine the best treatment method suitable for the situation.

Devital bleaching is a method used to whiten teeth that have undergone root canal treatment (devital) and have discolored over time. After root canal treatment, discoloration can occur if the orange-colored gutta-percha used as canal filling material is not properly removed. Discoloration can also be seen in cases where the tooth loses its vitality due to trauma. In such cases, devital bleaching is applied following root canal treatment. Devital bleaching aims to improve the aesthetic appearance of the teeth by applying bleaching material inside the tooth.

Fractured tooth restorations are treatment methods applied to repair damage resulting from the breaking or cracking of a tooth. The treatment of fractured teeth varies depending on the size, location, and overall health of the tooth. Restoration methods for fractured teeth include:

• Filling: Small fractures can often be repaired with filling material. The dentist cleans the fractured area and fills it with filling material.
• Veneers: Suitable for fractures, especially in the front teeth. Thin ceramic veneers are bonded to the front surface of the tooth or composite laminates are used to provide an aesthetic appearance.
• Crowns: When a large part of the tooth is fractured or cannot be repaired with a filling, crowns are preferred. A crown covers the entire tooth, providing protection and an aesthetic appearance.
• Root Canal Treatment: If the fracture reaches the tooth's pulp (nerve) tissue, root canal treatment may be necessary. This procedure involves removing the infected pulp tissue and cleaning and filling the canal.
• Dental Implants: In cases of severe fractures, saving the tooth may not be possible. In such cases, tooth extraction and replacement with an implant may be required.
• Onlay and Inlay Restorations: Onlay and inlay restorations can be applied for large fractures on the chewing surface of the tooth. These methods preserve the natural form and functionality of the tooth.

Fractured tooth restorations provide both aesthetic and functional improvement. The treatment method is determined by the degree of the fracture and the patient's overall dental health. Since each case is different, it is important to consult with a dentist to determine the most suitable treatment option and plan. The dentist will determine the best restoration method based on the condition of the fractured tooth.

Teeth whitening is a popular cosmetic dentistry procedure used to lighten the color of teeth and achieve a brighter smile. This procedure makes teeth appear whiter by reducing discolorations. Teeth whitening methods include:

• Professional (In-Office) Whitening: Performed by a dentist in dental clinics, this procedure uses strong whitening agents. The dentist applies a special barrier to protect the gums and then applies the whitening gel to the teeth. This gel is usually activated by a light source.
• At-Home Whitening Kits: Provided by dentists, these kits include custom-made whitening trays and gels for home use. In this method, patients apply the whitening gel-containing trays to their teeth for a specified period each day.

Effects and Considerations of Teeth Whitening

• Effectiveness: Professional whitening generally provides the most effective results. At-home kits and over-the-counter products may be less effective.
• Temporary Sensitivity: Some people may experience temporary sensitivity in their teeth after whitening.
• Duration of Results: The effects of whitening are not permanent. Maintaining good oral hygiene and avoiding certain foods and drinks are important to prevent teeth from becoming discolored again.
• Not Suitable for Everyone: Whitening may not correct all types of stains or discolorations. For example, internal tooth discolorations typically do not improve with whitening.

Teeth whitening should be performed with the most suitable method recommended by the dentist, based on the individual's current dental health and aesthetic goals. It is also important to consult a dentist before starting any whitening procedure, as certain dental and gum issues may affect or be unsuitable for whitening.

Composite filling is a preferred dental filling material used in the treatment of dental caries and the repair of small fractures or cracks in teeth. These fillings are made of composite material that matches the tooth color and mimic the appearance of natural teeth.

Cervical filling is the treatment of caries or wear at the cervical area (the region at the gum line) of the tooth using composite filling material. Due to its location, it is an aesthetic filling procedure.

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Composite laminate is a dental procedure used to improve the aesthetic appearance of teeth. It is usually preferred to correct undesirable conditions in the color, shape, size, and position of teeth. Composite filling material is directly applied and shaped on the front surface of the tooth, thus improving the appearance of the tooth in a single session. Composite laminate is a commonly used method in aesthetic dentistry and, when applied correctly, can provide significant improvements in the appearance of teeth.

Zirconium crowns are a popular type of dental crown used to meet both aesthetic and functional needs in dentistry. Zirconium dioxide is known for its durability and ability to mimic the natural appearance of teeth. Therefore, it is preferred as an aesthetic solution especially for front teeth, but it can also be used for back teeth.

Zirconium crowns can offer excellent results both aesthetically and functionally. However, since each patient and dental condition is different, it is important to consult a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option and plan. The dentist will determine the best treatment method based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Metal-supported porcelain crowns are a type of dental crown that combines the durability of metal with the aesthetic appearance of porcelain. These crowns are particularly suitable for back teeth that are exposed to significant chewing forces, providing long-lasting durability.

The metal base ensures that the crown is strong and durable, making it ideal for teeth subjected to high chewing forces. The porcelain provides an aesthetic appearance by mimicking the natural color and texture of teeth. Metal-supported porcelain is generally well tolerated by the body, but it can be problematic for individuals with metal allergies. Metal-supported porcelain crowns are typically more economical compared to all-ceramic or zirconium crowns.

Metal-supported porcelain crowns offer a robust solution that meets both aesthetic and functional needs. However, since each patient and dental condition is different, it is important to consult a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option and plan. The dentist will determine the best treatment method based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Glass ceramic crowns are a type of crown used for aesthetic and functional restorations in dentistry. These crowns are made from ceramic materials with a high glass content and are particularly preferred for their aesthetic appearance. Glass ceramic crowns have excellent aesthetic properties, capable of mimicking the color, translucency, and brightness of natural teeth.

Glass ceramic is one of the best materials for mimicking the appearance of natural teeth. It offers superior aesthetic results in terms of color match and light transmission. It is biocompatible and has a low likelihood of causing allergic reactions. While durable, glass ceramic may not be as strong as metal-supported or zirconium crowns, making it more suitable for aesthetically important front teeth. It offers long-term color stability and stain resistance.

Glass ceramic crowns offer excellent aesthetic results and are a preferred option for front teeth. However, since each patient and dental condition is different, it is important to consult a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option and plan. The dentist will determine the best treatment method based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Porcelain laminates are thin porcelain veneers used primarily for the aesthetic improvement of front teeth. These veneers are designed to improve the color, shape, size, and alignment of teeth, closely resembling natural teeth. The excellent color match and light transmission of porcelain laminates make them a popular choice in aesthetic dentistry.

Porcelain laminates can mimic the appearance of natural teeth and offer high aesthetic results. Porcelain is resistant to color changes over time and does not stain. With proper care, porcelain laminates are durable. Very little of the natural tooth structure is removed, making it a highly conservative treatment.

Porcelain laminates can offer excellent results in aesthetic dentistry. However, since each patient and dental condition is different, it is important to consult a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option and plan. The dentist will determine the best treatment method based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Inlays, onlays, and overlays are methods used for dental restorations, particularly to repair damage to the chewing surface of teeth. These methods aim to improve the shape, functionality, and aesthetics of the tooth and are typically effective in treating moderate to large cavities or damage.

Inlay is a filling placed in the pits (fissures) of the chewing surface of the tooth, covering the parts between the cusps. It is usually custom-made in a laboratory to fit perfectly into the internal contours of the tooth. Porcelain or composite can be used. It is preferred for small to moderate cavities or fractures.

Onlay is similar to inlay but is extended to cover one or more cusps. Onlays are also custom-made in a laboratory and adapted to the chewing surface of the tooth. Porcelain or composite can be used. It is used for moderate to large cavities or to repair larger areas of the tooth.

Overlay covers the entire or a large part of the tooth, being more extensive than an onlay. It is used when a significant portion of the tooth is damaged or extensive restoration is needed. Typically, porcelain or composite is used. It is preferred for extensive cavities, fractures, and severe wear.

These restoration types are recommended by the dentist based on the condition and needs of the tooth. Since each case is different, it is important to consult a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option and plan. The dentist will determine the best treatment method based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Implant-supported removable prostheses are a dental restoration solution developed for individuals who have experienced tooth loss, utilizing both implant technology and the practicality of removable prostheses. This system is particularly suitable for patients who have lost multiple teeth and are not suitable for fixed prostheses. The prosthesis sits on the implants, providing more stability and comfort during use. This results in greater comfort and functionality during eating and speaking. Implants help stimulate and preserve the jawbone, preventing bone loss that can occur over time.

Implant-supported removable prostheses offer a functional and aesthetic solution for patients with tooth loss. However, they may not be suitable for every patient, so it is important to conduct a detailed evaluation with a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option.

Precision attachment removable prostheses are a special type of dental prosthesis designed for patients with partial tooth loss, combining the features of both fixed and removable prostheses. These prostheses attach to the remaining natural teeth using precision attachment mechanisms (especially special clips, bars, or other retentive components). This system ensures that the prosthesis is more stable, offering greater comfort and functionality. These types of prostheses support and protect the remaining natural teeth, reducing stress on the teeth by distributing chewing forces evenly. Precision attachments keep the prosthesis stable in the mouth, providing more comfort and functionality during eating and speaking. The prostheses can be easily removed and reattached for cleaning and maintenance. With proper care, precision attachment prostheses can be used for a long time.

Precision attachment removable prostheses offer a functional and aesthetic solution for patients with partial tooth loss. However, they may not be suitable for every patient, so it is important to conduct a detailed evaluation with a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option.

Personalized smile design is a comprehensive dental practice aimed at improving the aesthetic appearance of teeth and the smile, tailored to an individual's facial structure, personal preferences, and aesthetic expectations. This process is carried out by evaluating the patient's current dental condition and creating a treatment plan tailored to personal needs and expectations based on this information.

The patient's tooth structure, oral health, facial shape, and smile are examined in detail. The patient's aesthetic expectations, concerns about their smile, and general health status are taken into consideration. A personalized treatment plan is created based on factors such as tooth color, shape, size, and position. The plan may include various dental procedures such as teeth whitening, porcelain laminates, zirconium crowns, orthodontic treatments, and gum leveling. After the treatment is completed, final checks and adjustments are made if necessary to ensure a natural and aesthetic appearance of the smile.

Personalized smile design requires a customized approach to each patient's unique needs. Therefore, it is important to consult a dentist for comprehensive evaluation and planning before starting any aesthetic dental treatment. The dentist will determine the best treatment method and plan based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Implant-supported hybrid prostheses are a fixed prosthesis solution developed for individuals with complete edentulism or significant tooth loss. These prostheses are fixed onto multiple implants placed in the jawbone, providing both aesthetic and functional restoration.

Hybrid prostheses are permanently fixed onto implants placed in the jawbone, and unlike removable prostheses, they are not taken out. Due to the strong support provided by the implants, these prostheses offer a high degree of stability and comfort. Chewing and speaking functions are greatly improved. Hybrid prostheses are made from materials that can mimic the natural appearance of teeth, providing aesthetically pleasing results. Implants stimulate and preserve the health of the jawbone, preventing bone loss that can occur over time.

The necessary number of implants are surgically placed into the jawbone. A healing period is required for the implants to integrate with the bone. After the implants have integrated with the jawbone, impressions are taken, and the hybrid prosthesis is prepared. The prosthesis is then fixed onto the implants.

Implant-supported hybrid prostheses offer an effective and long-term solution for patients with complete edentulism or significant tooth loss. However, they may not be suitable for every patient, so it is important to conduct a detailed evaluation with a dentist to determine the most appropriate treatment option.

Teeth grinding (bruxism) is an unconscious act of grinding or clenching the teeth, which can occur during sleep or while awake, often due to factors like stress or anxiety. This condition can lead to tooth wear, gum problems, jaw pain, and headaches. The treatment for teeth grinding involves addressing the underlying causes and alleviating symptoms. Teeth grinding treatments include:

• Night Guards and Splints: Specially prepared by dentists, night guards or splints are placed between the teeth to reduce the pressure caused by grinding. Guards prevent the teeth from touching, minimizing wear and other damage.
• Stress Management: Stress and anxiety are common causes of bruxism. Stress management techniques, relaxation exercises, meditation, and psychotherapy if necessary can be beneficial.
• Jaw Exercises and Physical Therapy: Special exercises and physical therapy methods can be applied to relax the jaw muscles and improve jaw movement.
• Medication: In some cases, muscle relaxants or anti-anxiety medications can be used. However, these medications should only be used for short-term and under doctor supervision.
• Dental Treatments: In cases of excessive wear or damage caused by teeth grinding, dental restorations such as fillings, crowns, or other dental treatments may be required.
• Lifestyle Changes: Reducing caffeine and alcohol consumption, maintaining a regular sleep schedule, and avoiding habits that strain the jaw muscles (such as chewing gum) can help reduce bruxism.

Long-term teeth grinding can lead to serious dental and jaw problems, so early intervention is important. Each patient's situation is different, and treatment should be individualized. Regular dental visits are important to monitor and manage the effects of teeth grinding.

Teeth grinding treatment should be personalized according to the patient's specific condition and needs. It is important to consult a dentist to understand the underlying causes and apply appropriate treatment methods.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, also known as TMD, are common issues that cause pain, discomfort, and functional problems in the jaw joint and surrounding muscles. The treatment of these disorders typically aims to reduce pain, improve jaw function, and address underlying causes. Treatment methods include:

• Medical Treatment: Anti-inflammatory medications and muscle relaxants may be prescribed for pain and inflammation. These medications are used for short-term relief.
• Physical Therapy: Physical therapy applications may be recommended to improve jaw movements and reduce muscle tension. These treatments may include jaw exercises, massage, and heat application.
• Orthodontic Treatments: Abnormal tooth alignment or bite disorders can be underlying causes of TMJ issues. Orthodontic treatments can be effective in these cases.
• Occlusion Adjustment: Reshaping the biting surfaces of the teeth can reduce pressure on the jaw joint.
• Splints or Night Guards: Specially designed TMJ splints or night guards can be used to reduce pressure on the jaw joint and alleviate the effects of teeth grinding or clenching.
• Stress Management and Behavioral Therapies: Stress and anxiety can trigger or worsen TMJ disorders. Stress management techniques, relaxation exercises, and behavioral therapies can be helpful in such cases.
• Surgical Treatments: Surgical treatments are usually considered when other methods do not provide relief and there are serious structural problems.

The treatment of TMJ disorders may require a multidisciplinary approach and is often carried out in collaboration with dentists, orthodontists, physical therapists, and sometimes psychologists. Patients need to be actively involved in the treatment process and apply recommended exercises or habit changes.

TMJ treatment should be personalized according to the patient's specific condition and needs. It is important to consult a dentist to understand the underlying causes and apply appropriate treatment methods.

The first dental examination for children should generally occur when the first teeth begin to emerge. This usually corresponds to the period when babies are between 6 to 12 months old. The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recommends that children visit the dentist by the time their first tooth appears or no later than their first birthday. During this initial visit, the dentist evaluates the overall health of the child's mouth, checks for any early signs of cavities, and provides parents with information on how to care for their child's dental health. Additionally, this visit is important for the child to become familiar with the dentist and get accustomed to the dental chair, which can create a positive attitude towards future dental visits.

Preventive dentistry for children involves a series of practices aimed at preventing dental caries and other oral health issues. These practices include:

Choosing toothpaste for children should be based on the child's age and dental health needs. The right toothpaste selection is important for maintaining oral health and preventing cavities in children. Here are some key points to consider when selecting toothpaste for children:

Yes, baby teeth will eventually fall out and be replaced by permanent teeth. However, it is very important for baby teeth to remain healthy.

Preventive orthodontic treatments for children are used to detect and intervene in potential problems in dental and jaw development early on. These treatments often help prevent the need for more complex and costly orthodontic treatments in the future.

Dental treatments under general anesthesia for children may be necessary in certain situations and under special conditions. General anesthesia ensures that the child is completely unconscious during the treatment and may be preferred in the following cases:

Orthodontic treatment is a dental procedure used to improve the alignment of teeth and the functionality of the jaw. This treatment aims to achieve not only an aesthetic smile by ensuring proper alignment of the teeth but also to enhance chewing and speech functions. Additionally, properly aligned teeth are important for more effective oral hygiene and long-term dental health. Orthodontic treatment methods include:

Orthodontic treatment is typically a long-term process, and patient compliance is crucial. Braces and other orthodontic appliances can make maintaining oral hygiene more challenging. Good oral hygiene is critical for the success of the treatment. During the treatment period, it may be necessary to avoid hard, sticky, or sugary foods that could damage the braces.

There are different orthodontic treatment methods based on the needs of each patient. It is important to consult an orthodontist to determine the most appropriate treatment option and plan. The orthodontist will determine the best treatment method based on the patient's needs and the condition of their teeth.

Clear aligner treatment is a modern and aesthetic method used for orthodontic corrections. This treatment typically involves the use of clear, removable aligners, known by the brand name Invisalign, to gradually align the teeth. Clear aligners are less noticeable compared to traditional metal braces and cause less discomfort in daily life.

Since the aligners are clear, there are no visible metal parts like brackets or wires on the teeth during treatment. Clear aligners are more comfortable in the mouth than metal braces and have a lower risk of causing oral irritation. Aligners can be removed while eating, brushing, and flossing, making oral hygiene easier. The treatment is custom-designed based on the patient's dental structure, and the aligners are changed at specific intervals according to the condition of the teeth. For the treatment to be effective, the aligners must be worn for at least 20-22 hours a day and only removed for eating or oral hygiene. The treatment duration can vary depending on the condition of the patient's teeth and their compliance with the treatment.

Clear aligner treatment is a popular option, especially for adults and teenagers with aesthetic concerns. However, it may not be suitable for every patient, so it is important to conduct a detailed evaluation with an orthodontist to determine the most appropriate treatment option.

Orthognathic treatment is a surgical procedure performed to correct structural abnormalities in the jawbone. This treatment is usually combined with orthodontic treatment to improve the position, functionality, and aesthetic appearance of the jawbone. Orthognathic surgery is used to treat various problems such as jaw joint pain, difficulties in chewing and speaking, sleep apnea, and facial asymmetry.

The orthodontist and oral surgeon conduct a detailed evaluation of the patient's dental and jaw structure. Surgical planning is done using X-rays, CT scans, and facial modeling. Prior to surgery, orthodontic treatment is usually performed to align the teeth, enhancing the success and results of the surgery. Surgery is typically performed through incisions inside the mouth, leaving no visible scars on the face. The jawbone is cut and repositioned. The postoperative recovery period usually lasts several weeks, during which dietary and daily activity restrictions may apply. After surgery, additional orthodontic treatment is often done to achieve ideal tooth alignment and improve results. Jaw functions and aesthetic outcomes are regularly monitored.

Orthognathic surgery is a major surgical intervention requiring a significant recovery process. As with any surgical procedure, orthognathic surgery carries risks such as infection, bleeding, and nerve damage. Orthognathic treatment, combined with orthodontic preparation and follow-up, is usually a long process.

Orthognathic treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with severe jaw abnormalities. However, it is important to consult with an orthodontist and oral surgeon to determine if this treatment is appropriate and to create a detailed treatment plan.

Non-surgical treatment of skeletal jaw disorders is an approach aimed at correcting mild to moderate abnormalities in the jaw structure without surgical intervention. These treatments are usually more effective before jaw development is complete, often during adolescence, and typically involve the use of functional orthodontic appliances or orthodontic treatment methods. Non-surgical treatment methods include:

Non-surgical treatment of skeletal jaw disorders may be suitable for patients, especially during adolescence. However, it is important to consult with an orthodontist or oral surgeon for a comprehensive evaluation to determine the most appropriate treatment option. Treatment should be customized according to the specific condition and needs of the patient.